Inaugural online book | Application Concepting Series No. 1



100 Ideas for Envisioning Powerful, Engaging, and Productive User Experiences in Knowledge Work

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Application Envisioning idea
D7.
Eventual Habit and Automaticity



Over time, knowledge workers learn to attend to certain areas of their interactive applications, while deemphasizing other pathways and content. Product teams can sketch their functionality concepts with this sort of habitual learning in mind, creating conditions where workers may develop adaptive, nearly automatic approaches to accomplishing routine interactions.






Examples from three knowledge work domains:
(Illustrated above) An architect works through a cascade of dialogs to change a very specific setting in her building modeling application. When she first used the tool, this navigation seemed excessively effortful. Now, she does “not even think of it” as she performs the task seemingly “automatically”.

A financial trader expertly tabs through the fields in a trade form, entering specific data and making relevant selections. To help him move on to his next trade more rapidly, he is in the habit of selecting an option that books a completed trade and automatically opens an empty trade form.

A scientist, having learned a preferred pathway for narrowing in on subsets of valuable data in her analysis application, quickly moves through a series of complex visualizations in a specific sequence.
Knowledge workers’ can show surprising skills for incorporating new artifacts into their work practices. Even in cases where individuals do not recognize that they have these abilities, people may use less and less of their conscious attentions as they repeatedly act on or with new artifacts in specific activity contexts (A, C4).

In the same vein, while initial interactions (K2) in a new computing tool may demand workers’ intensive attentions (D2, D3, D4), over time, people can develop varying levels of adaptive habits within routine and relatively unvarying pathways. In some situations, highly entrenched habits can develop into automaticity, meaning that specific operations or larger tasks (A5) may eventually require limited conscious consideration on the part of application users.

With these innate human tendencies in mind, product teams can identify areas in their sketched design concepts where interactions are likely to be frequent and mental efforts are likely to decrease due to consistent goals and the crystallization of standard approaches (A3, A4). Teams can then refine these functionality concepts with the goal of promoting workers’ acquisition of adaptive, tacit abilities. These refinements can include, for example, clear and direct narratives of interaction (G1), uncomplicated conceptual models (C1), and appropriate instructional frames (K2, K5, K6, K7).

When product teams do not actively consider how workers might develop habits and automaticity in their application concepts, opportunities to facilitate certain forms of mastery in users’ experiences can be lost. Resulting products may put too much emphasis on initial learning rather than accommodated usage, potentially leading to the development of negative habits for the long term (K5). Workers may also experience severe frustration when updated applications are not built from an understanding of their “legacy” of learned adaptations (M1).

See also: A, C8, D, E6, K8, K12, K13




Application Envisioning questions:

Assuming that targeted knowledge workers will eventually adopt and frequently use your team’s computing tool, how might you examine your application concepts through the lens of users’ eventual habituation and mastery? What unpredictabilities could lead to errors by “getting in the way” of valuable automaticity? Where might negative habits develop?

More specific questions for product teams to consider:
Where have targeted individuals already developed useful habits and automaticity in the tasks and larger activities that your team is striving to mediate?

What errors currently occur due to knowledge workers “automatically” acting in inappropriate ways? Could these problems present opportunities for your team’s product?

How might your sketched functionality concepts meaningfully reference workers’ existing, productive habits?

Where in your application concepts might targeted workers develop new habitual behaviors after frequent use of certain options?

Where could work practices mediated by your computing tool be repeated and consistent enough for workers to attain a degree of useful automaticity?

How might certain predictable behaviors in your functionality concepts allow individuals to quickly navigate their frequent interactions in increasingly “effortless” ways over time?

What negative habits could workers form within the channeling flows of your sketched application offerings?

What errors might stem from users automatically interacting onscreen instead of considering the unique characteristics of their current situations?

What design responses might your team envision to reduce or eliminate certain opportunities for negative adaptations and automaticity errors? How might these methods tie into your larger error prevention and handling approaches?

Do you have enough information to usefully answer these and other envisioning questions? What additional research, problem space models, and design concepting could valuably inform your team’s application envisioning efforts?


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Please attribute the work to “Jacob Burghardt / FLASHBULB INTERACTION Consultancy.”