Inaugural online book | Application Concepting Series No. 1



100 Ideas for Envisioning Powerful, Engaging, and Productive User Experiences in Knowledge Work

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Application Envisioning idea
D1.
Respected Tempos of Work



Knowledge work can have implicit paces and timings, based in part on workers’ inherent mental and physical limitations as human beings. By exploring potential changes to the pacing of individual tasks and extended activities, product teams can meaningfully envision how their interactive applications might impact important tempos in workers’ practices.






Examples from three knowledge work domains:
(Illustrated above) A financial trader follows a very similar schedule on most every working day. During large parts of this daily routine, he has the potential to be overwhelmed with a steady stream of incoming, discrete decision tasks, most of which are facilitated by his high performance computing tools.

An architect’s projects typically span over months or, more commonly, years. Her work days are often long, with a sustained intensity level that often leads her to feel hurried as she switches between very different tasks during different project phases.

A scientist is under pressure to quickly understand clinical data in order to deliver exacting discoveries— a “quickness” that she feels on very different time scales. She appropriates whatever computing tools she can to clarify the big pictures of her lab’s experimental outputs, while at the same time dealing with a myriad of time sensitive details that are needed to keep her studies running effectively.
Recurring tempos in knowledge work can arise from a variety of factors to become an essential aspect of workers’ experiences (A, G1). Expectations for tempos can be set by professional standards, by specific organizations or communities of practice (A7, A8), and by individual knowledge workers, who may establish rhythms to bring their efforts into both internal and external equilibriums.

Product teams can model how established tempos in knowledge work nest into one another, run in parallel threads, or interrupt each other (A5). They can identify tempos in specific practices, tempos in daily cycles, unique tempos for individual roles, and collective tempos across the course of longer term, shared goals within an organization.

Interactive applications can have major impacts on existing tempos, to both positive and negative effect. As workers adopt a computing tool (K), they may compare the rhythms implied by its pathways to their own expectations and preferences. Valued automation of time consuming and tedious work (E3, E4) can contribute to a positive evaluation. Products that force unwanted changes in tempos without supporting a worker’s internal locus of control (E6) may contribute to a negative impression, as well as a sustained elevation in stress level.

When product teams do not actively consider how their application concepts could influence existing tempos in knowledge work practices, they run the risk of creating tools that are out of step with users’ desires and needs. Resulting applications may “push” workers through processes too quickly (C6), or perhaps more commonly, enforce interaction pathways that are too slow and extended relative to conventional or desired pacing (C4, D3, D4).

See also: D, C8, E5, J1, J3, K1, K6, K13, M1, M4




Application Envisioning questions:

How could the interactive flow of your team’s application concepts desirably reflect the inherent pacing of targeted knowledge work practices, rather than force unwanted slowing or acceleration in users’ experiences? Where might positive shifts be possible?

More specific questions for product teams to consider:
What tempos are currently found within the tasks and larger activities that your team is striving to mediate?

How did these tempos originate? What factors have perpetuated them?

How can certain paces and timings in different threads of knowledge work nest and interrelate?

What drives current variabilities in tempo? What impacts can individual differences, workers’ roles, or specific organizational approaches have?

Where do conflicts sometimes occur due to misunderstandings around tempo? When and why do collaborators become “out of step”? Could these current problems present opportunities for your team’s product?

What do individuals and organizations think of current tempos in targeted work practices? What parts of their work would they like to slow down or speed up? Why?

What positive or negative impacts might your sketched application concepts have on various tempos? What problematic changes seem sufficiently possible to imply that your team may want to redesign related functionalities?

How might the inherent tempos of your sketched functionality concepts be received by an aging knowledge workforce?

What interactivity and design communication could positively influence workers’ perceptions of elapsed time during their experiences with your team’s computing tool?

How might positive changes in targeted tempos factor into your product’s brand?

Do you have enough information to usefully answer these and other envisioning questions? What additional research, problem space models, and design concepting could valuably inform your team’s application envisioning efforts?


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Please attribute the work to “Jacob Burghardt / FLASHBULB INTERACTION Consultancy.”