Inaugural online book | Application Concepting Series No. 1



100 Ideas for Envisioning Powerful, Engaging, and Productive User Experiences in Knowledge Work

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Application Envisioning idea
C4.
Pathways for Task and Activity Based Wayfinding



Effective pathways through interactive applications can be structured to allow knowledge workers to navigate based on the emergent flow of their own efforts. Product teams can derive these pathways from the interrelations between different operations, tasks, and larger activities in targeted work practices.






Examples from three knowledge work domains:
(Illustrated above) A financial trader rarely needs to actively locate an entry point to his next action within his trading application. The tool is designed to suit the flow of his work, and he feels like it is “intelligent” enough to “know” the different actions that he might want to accomplish next, providing him with quick ways to get started.

A scientist runs a standard transformation algorithm on some of her lab’s clinical data. Based on the output of this process, her analysis application presents her with a set of subsequent actions that she may want to perform next in order to further manipulate the content.

An architect copies and drags a new wall into place within her building modeling application. A menu then lists the potential associations and attributes that she could select for the new wall, based on its location relative to other elements.
Interactive applications that are tailored to specific knowledge work practices (A) can reflect the flow of those practices back at workers as they accomplish their tasks and larger activities (K3, K13). These reflected flows can allow workers to use their existing mental models and skills to navigate through contextual, progressively disclosed interactions (C3), rather than forcing them to learn how to translate their goals into actions within a tool’s own arcane conventions (C1, C2).

Product teams can envision how their proposed mappings between work scenarios and interaction objects (B1, B8) could translate into clear and direct pathways through related interfaces. Teams’ early envisioning of these routes can focus on primary work scenarios, at a level of detail that allows them to sketch viable application concepts. Pathway mappings typically become an important part of a product’s overall framework (C), communicating a tool’s available functionalities and its relevance for targeted work practices (K3). Certain points along pathways can also appear within related functionalities, outside of an application’s pervasive “shell,” as state based (B5, B6, C10) and contextually relevant navigation options.

When product teams do not actively consider valuable support for practice based wayfinding, resulting applications can feel more like a collection of discrete functions than a cohesive, narrative experience (G1). In entirely disjointed products, workers must first discover what functionality is available to them and then learn to navigate to appropriate functions in sequence. For many knowledge work situations, users may find this sort of wayfinding to be excessively effortful to learn and use effectively (D2, K2, K6) without making errors (C9, G3). These negative effects may lead to a considerable amount of undiscovered or intentionally unused functionality (D3, D4).

See also: D7, F, G, K5, K8, K9, M1




Application Envisioning questions:

How might your team organize the structuring flow of functional options in your application concepts around understood pathways of meaningful action? How could navigation “naturally” and desirably unfold through the course of targeted knowledge workers’ own decisions and efforts within your computing tool?

More specific questions for product teams to consider:
How might the interrelations between operations, tasks, and larger activities that your team is striving to mediate be reflected in the structural flows of your application concepts?

How might your team situate your sketched functionalities within these essential flows?

What functional areas will contain volumes of content that could benefit from clear, categorical route suggestions?

What might it be like to navigate through different pathways as part of targeted work practices? Which of your team’s pathway ideas could be more likely to provide workers with a sense of compelling engagement and accomplishment?

How could interactive routes be made to feel as if they are tailored to the inherent flow of work practice, disclosing content and functionality progressively in order to reduce experienced complexity?

How might the interaction models of your team’s application concepts communicate available pathways of action to users? Would workers benefit from a “map” or is it enough to present state based, contextually relevant pathways?

Where could important pathway options be contextually tied into your sketched functionality concepts?

How important is it for workers to have an understanding of where they are in a process? What wayfinding cues could be appropriate in different scenarios?

How directive should interactive pathways be? Where could constrictive, standardizing pathways undesirably limit workers’ efforts?

How might the availability of interactive pathways be influenced by application and interaction object states?

What might the experience be like when “turning to” your team’s product from work practices that are accomplished outside of the screen, or when transitioning away from your product into other parts of work activity?

Do you have enough information to usefully answer these and other envisioning questions? What additional research, problem space models, and design concepting could valuably inform your team’s application envisioning efforts?


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All original contents of Working through Screens online book are subject to
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Please attribute the work to “Jacob Burghardt / FLASHBULB INTERACTION Consultancy.”