Application Envisioning idea
B10.

When knowledge workers repeatedly generate instances of interaction objects with similar attributes, they may value the ability to create new objects from standard “molds.” Product teams can envision functionality concepts that could allow workers to offload tedious data entry effort by tailoring and making use of object templates.

Examples from three knowledge work domains:
(Illustrated above) A scientist creates files for a series of samples in her lab’s information management application based on a template of attributes that she will use throughout a clinical study. She knows that these attribute consistencies will remove problems downstream, when her lab’s technicians have actually run these experiments and she wants to analyze the resulting collection of data in her analysis application.
An architect uses her building modeling application to create a series of templated objects that satisfy some difficult project requirements. Creating these templates in advance will reduce work later, when these standard objects will appear repeatedly throughout the building’s design.
A financial trader exporting data from his trading application chooses from a menu of templates for different export content and layout formats. The ability to set up standard export options saves him a lot of time, especially when compared to manually reformatting each export file.
In many organizations, knowledge workers’ activities involve, or even revolve around, the creation and recreation of specific work products or their constituent elements
(A, B1). To support these tasks, product teams can envision template functionality that could allow workers to eliminate some of the effort needed to create certain interaction objects (E3, E4), while driving valuable standardization that can promote higher quality work outcomes (A4, C6, L1).
Product teams can envision templates as interaction objects in and of themselves, either provided as product defaults or flexibly created by workers to meet the needs
of certain situations and practices (A7, A8, C8). Creating an object from a template can require subsequent effort to make the resulting object complete or to shape it to the requirements of a worker’s current goals. Even when templates can be easily modified (K11), workers may need to edit or extend the attributes of resulting object instances.
When product teams do not actively consider the potential role of object templates in their application concepts, workers may find the process of creating essential interaction objects in resulting products to be excessively effortful (D2, D3). Additionally, key opportunities to provide beneficial types of standardization, which computers can excel at promoting, may also be lost (C9, G3, J6).
Conversely, for many types of interaction objects, template functionality may not provide sufficient value to warrant its additional complexity (A9, D4, K6). In some cases, the ability to create a copy of an existing object can suffice as a method for accomplishing the same goal.
See also: A, B, C4, C5, H1, I1, K10, M1, M4

Application Envisioning questions:
Where might object templates valuably decrease the effort needed to create common classes of complex information structures in your team’s application concepts? What
functional options could allow targeted knowledge workers
to define, share, modify, and use these templates?
More specific questions for product teams to consider:
Where do targeted individuals currently take steps to promote valued sameness
in artifacts as part of the work practices that your team is striving to mediate?
How do workers categorize and name common variants of workplace artifacts? How do these classification schemes vary across targeted organizations?
What value do these consistencies and categories provide?
Which “primary” interaction objects in your team’s application concepts could become high volume and the repeated focus of work?
Which object creation tasks could potentially burden workers with data entry efforts?
How might templates be clearly and visibly differentiated from the type of interaction objects that they serve as a “mold” for?
Which of an object’s information attributes should probably not be incorporated into a template’s standardizing influence?
How might additional data entry effort, after an object has been created from
a template, be clarified or lessened?
What pathways of action could flow out of the creation of an object from
a template?
How might users trace an individual interaction object back to the template that
it was created from?
What functionality concepts can your team envision to allow workers to clearly manage their various templates as specific workplace needs evolve over time?
Do you have enough information to usefully answer these and other envisioning questions? What additional research, problem space models, and design concepting could valuably inform your team’s application envisioning efforts?
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